Waa maxay Beta-lactams

Marka lagahadlaa antibiotics qaybo kaladuwan ayaa lookala saaraa qoraal cilmiyeedkaan ayaan kufaaqidi doonaa kuna faahfahin doonaa:

1 waa maxay Beta-lactams?

Waa group antibiotics kuwasoo qaab ahaan isku eg dhamaan toodna waxay leeyihiin circle looyaqaan betalactams ring waxaana kamid:
Penicillin, carbopenems , monobactams iyo cephalosporins.

2 waa maxay penicillin?

Penicillin waa dawada loogu isticmaalka badan yahay dunida uguna dhibaatada yar balse isticmaalalkeeda waxaa xanibay iska caabinta ay kala kulmayso nuqul kamida bacteria-da waana bactericidal (bacteria-dii ayay dilaysaa) maxaa yelay cell wallka ayay inhibit garaynaysaa.

3 Mechanism of action penicillin .

Waxay xanibtaa I ay bacteria-dii cell wall samaysato waxayna xirtaa peptidoglycan crosslinking.

Sidookale waxay shaqada kajoojisaa protein laga helo cell wall ka bacteria-da kaas oo bacteria-da kacaawiya inay ilaashato qaab dhismeedkeda.

5 Natural Penicillin.

Natural Penicillin waa labo dawo
Oo kala ah Penicillin G iyo Penicillin V.

Penicillin G xididka waa laga qaataa sida crystalline Penicillin G.

Muruqana waa laga qaataa sida procaine penicillin G, ama benzathine penicillin G.

Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin).

Waxa loo isticmaalo Natural penicillin
( clinical use of Natural penicillin).
Waxaa lagu daweyaa cudurada kala ah

1 pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumonia )
2 syphilis (Treponema palladium)
3 Meningitis (Neisseria Meningitis)
4 Tonsillitis (Streptococcus pyogens)

Penicillin-resistance Penicillins.

Waxaa jira enzymes ama dheecaan ay soosaarto bacteria-da qaar kaas oo burburinaaya Penicillin tii lagu dawaynayay.
Marka waxaa jira Penicillin-nada qaar oo iska caabin kasamaystay enzymes kaas ay bacteria-da soodaynayso waxaana kamida;
Nafcillin , Dicloxacillin, iyo foxacillin.

Extended-spectrum penicillin.

Nuuca labaad ee looqaybsho penicillin waa Extended spectrum waana nuuc bacteria-yo badan ladagalamaaya dawooyinkaas waxaa kamida:
Amoxicillin and Ampicillin.
Dawooyinkaan siwanaagsan jirka loogama saaro saas darteed waxaa laraaciyaa dawooyinkale .
Amoxillin waxaa laraaciyaa clavulanic acid halka Ampicillin laraaciyo Sulbactum.
Sulbactum iyo clavulanic acid nafsad ahaan tooda antibiotic uma aha balse waxay kahor tagaan in bacteria-dii enzymes soodaydo.

Cudurada lagu daweyo waxa kamida:
1 bacteria-da keenta infection kudhaca kaadi mareenka.
2 bacteria-da sababta infection-nada kudhaca caruurta
3 bacteria-da keenta Tiifowga (salmonelle)
4 bacteria-da keenta calool xanuun ka(shigella).